网络通信

TCP

服务端

import socket
import threading
import time

# AF_INET：IPV4，AF_INET6：IPV6
# SOCK_STREAM：面向流的TCP协议
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 绑定ip和端口
s.bind(('0.0.0.0', 9666))
# 监听端口，最多等待5个
s.listen(5)


def tcplink(sock, addr):
    print('Accept new connection from %s:%s...' % addr)
    sock.send(b'Welcome!')
    while True:
        data = sock.recv(1024)
        time.sleep(1)
        if not data or data.decode('utf-8') == 'exit':
            break
        sock.send(('Hello, %s!' % data.decode('utf-8')).encode('utf-8'))
    sock.close()
    print('Connection from %s:%s closed.' % addr)


while True:
    # 等待并返回一个客户端的连接
    sock, addr = s.accept()
    # 创建新线程来处理TCP连接（不使用多线程或多进程的话，一次只能处理一个请求）
    t = threading.Thread(target=tcplink, args=(sock, addr))
    t.start()

客户端

import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9666))

print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))

for data in [b'test', b'hello', b'world']:
    s.send(data)
    print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))

s.send(b'exit')
s.close()

UDP

服务端

import socket

# AF_INET：IPV4协议，SOCK_DGRAM指定了这个Socket的类型是UDP
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
# 绑定端口
s.bind(('127.0.0.1', 9888))
# UDP不需要调用listen()方法，而是直接接收来自任何客户端的数据
while True:
    # 接收数据
    data, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
    print('Received from %s:%s.' % addr)
    # 发送数据
    s.sendto(b'Hello, %s!' % data, addr)

客户端

import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

for data in [b'test', b'hello', b'world']:
    # 发送数据:
    s.sendto(data, ('127.0.0.1', 9888))
    # 接收数据:
    print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))
s.close()